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個(gè)人中心收藏查看我的收藏0有用+10播報(bào)討論上傳視頻滾動(dòng)軸承鋼軸承鋼全名叫滾動(dòng)軸承鋼，具有高的抗壓強(qiáng)度與疲勞極限，高硬度，高耐磨性及一定韌性，淬透性好，對(duì)硫和磷控制極嚴(yán)，是一種高級(jí)優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼，可做冷作模具鋼。比重：7.81。外文名
標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)YB 9-1968
硬度HRC58~~64

目錄
1產(chǎn)品介紹2鍛造工藝?軸承鋼鍛造溫度?鍛后熱處理?淬火及淬火介質(zhì)?回火溫度3特性4參考對(duì)應(yīng)牌號(hào)5化學(xué)成分6力學(xué)性能7熱處理規(guī)范?臨界點(diǎn)溫度?普通球化退火?等溫球化退火?重復(fù)球化退火?淬、回火處理8典型應(yīng)用舉例
產(chǎn)品介紹
播報(bào)編輯軸承鋼耐磨性和淬透性比GCr15更高，冷加工塑性變形中等，焊接性差，對(duì)白點(diǎn)形成敏感，熱處理時(shí)有回火脆性。用于制造壁厚＞12mm.外徑≥250mm的套圈；直徑50.8-203.2的鋼球，直徑＞22mm的滾子；此外也可作要求高硬度高耐磨性的其他機(jī)械零件，如軋輥.螺旋量規(guī)等鋼是高碳、高鉻軸承用鋼,比GCr15鋼有更高的耐磨性和淬透性.在油中的臨界淬火直徑為90~110mm (體積分?jǐn)?shù)為50%馬氏體),經(jīng)840°C油冷淬火后,350°C回火狀態(tài),再進(jìn)行光淬火,表面硬度高達(dá)1096HV,淬硬層深度可達(dá)1mm。針對(duì)成形滾輪熱處理工藝的不足,采用薄邊處預(yù)冷降溫發(fā)生非馬氏體轉(zhuǎn)變,產(chǎn)生托氏體或索氏體，增強(qiáng)韌性、減小應(yīng)力、再整體淬火達(dá)到工藝要求。進(jìn)行冰冷處理,可提高軸承的尺寸穩(wěn)定性,或進(jìn)行馬氏體分級(jí)淬火,以穩(wěn)定殘留奧氏體,獲得高的尺寸穩(wěn)定性和較高的韌性。該鋼一般不建議進(jìn)行鍛造。一般淬火和低溫回火后使用。 [1]標(biāo)號(hào)/牌號(hào)：中國(guó)GB/JB標(biāo)號(hào): 德國(guó)DIN鋼號(hào)標(biāo)號(hào): 100CrMn6德國(guó)DIN材料標(biāo)號(hào): 1．3520
鍛造工藝
播報(bào)編輯軸承鋼鍛造溫度(1)始鍛溫度：1150(1120)終緞溫度：850(800)度。(2)鍛造前清除表面缺陷，盡量預(yù)熱后在快速加熱。(3)溫加工時(shí)，應(yīng)避免200~400度的藍(lán)脆區(qū)。熱加工時(shí)，應(yīng)避免進(jìn)入高溫脆區(qū)(大于1250)。應(yīng)盡量避免進(jìn)入熱脆區(qū)(800~~950度)。鍛后熱處理(1)鍛后————預(yù)先熱處理(球化退火)————最終熱處理(淬火+低溫回火)(2)球化退火目的：降低硬度，便于加工，為淬火做準(zhǔn)備。球化退火過(guò)程：加熱到750~~770度，保溫一定時(shí)間，在緩慢冷卻到600度以下空冷。(3)各種軸承鋼淬火+低溫回火及硬度表鋼號(hào) 淬火溫度及淬火介質(zhì) 低溫回火硬度HRC 800~840 油 150~170 62~64淬火及淬火介質(zhì)(1)淬火顏色(經(jīng)驗(yàn)) 白色最硬而脆，黃色硬而韌，蘭色軟而韌。(2) 淬火介質(zhì)A 水：一般溫度不超過(guò)40度，不得有油，肥皂等雜質(zhì)。B 鹽及堿的水溶液：水中加百分之5~10的鹽或堿。鹽溶液冷卻速度是水的十倍，硬度高而均勻，但組織應(yīng)力大，有一定的銹蝕作用。溫度小于60度。堿溶液(苛性納水溶液)腐蝕性大，適應(yīng)范圍小。C 油：包括機(jī)油，錠子油，變壓器油，柴油等。可減小變形與開(kāi)裂。不適用碳鋼。油溫度：在60~~80度，最高不超過(guò)100~120度?；鼗饻囟容S承鋼采用低溫回火。溫度：150~250度。可在保持高硬度和高耐磨性的前提下，降低內(nèi)應(yīng)力和脆性，以免使用時(shí)崩裂或過(guò)早損壞。
特性
播報(bào)編輯●特性及適用范圍：是在 GCr15鋼基礎(chǔ)上，適當(dāng)提高Si、Mn含量以改善其淬透性和彈性極限，耐磨性也比 GCr15好。制造滾動(dòng)體的適用尺寸范圍比 GCr15大，主要用于制造壁厚＞12mm，外徑＞280mm 的軸承套圈鋼球直徑＞50mm；圓錐、圓柱和球面滾子直徑＞22mm和所有尺寸的滾針。
參考對(duì)應(yīng)牌號(hào)
播報(bào)編輯中國(guó)GB/YB標(biāo)準(zhǔn)牌號(hào)、德國(guó)DIN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)牌號(hào)100CrMn6、德國(guó)DIN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)材料編號(hào)1. 3520、俄羅斯ΓOCT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)牌號(hào)ⅢX15CΓ。 [2]
化學(xué)成分
播報(bào)編輯碳 C ：0.95～1.05硅 Si：0.40～0.65錳 Mn：0.90～1.20硫 S ：≤0.020磷 P ：≤0.027鉻 Cr：1.30～1.65鎳 Ni：≤0.30銅 Cu：≤0.25
力學(xué)性能
播報(bào)編輯抗拉強(qiáng)度 σb (MPa)：1831沖擊功 Akv (J)：23硬度：65HRC試樣尺寸：某試樣●熱處理規(guī)范及金相組織：熱處理規(guī)范：830～840℃淬火，油冷;160℃回火3h。金相組織：回火馬氏體。gcr15simn表示方法① 鋼號(hào)開(kāi)頭的兩位數(shù)字表示鋼的碳含量，以平均碳含量的萬(wàn)分之幾表示，如40Cr、25Cr2MoVA合金管②鋼中主要合金元素，除個(gè)別微合金元素外，一般以百分之幾表示。當(dāng)平均合金含量＜1.5%時(shí)，鋼號(hào)中一般只標(biāo)出元素符號(hào)，而不標(biāo)明含量，但在特殊情況下易致混淆者，在元素符號(hào)后亦可標(biāo)以數(shù)字"1"，例如鋼號(hào)"12CrMoV"和"12Cr1MoV"，前者鉻含量為0.4-0.6%，后者為0.9-1.2%，其余成分全部相同。當(dāng)合金元素平均含量≥1.5%、≥2.5%、≥3.5%……時(shí)，在元素符號(hào)后面應(yīng)標(biāo)明含量，可相應(yīng)表示為2、3、4……等。例如18Cr2Ni4WA。③鋼中的釩V、鈦Ti、鋁AL、硼B(yǎng)、稀土RE等合金元素，均屬微合金元素，雖然含量很低，仍應(yīng)在鋼號(hào)中標(biāo)出。例如20MnVB鋼中。釩為0.07-0.12%，硼為0.001-0.005%。④高級(jí)優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼應(yīng)在鋼號(hào)最后加"A"，以區(qū)別于一般優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼。⑤專門(mén)用途的合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼，鋼號(hào)冠以（或后綴）代表該鋼種用途的符號(hào)。例如鉚螺專用的30CrMnSi鋼，鋼號(hào)表示為ML30CrMnSi。
熱處理規(guī)范
播報(bào)編輯臨界點(diǎn)溫度Ac1=770°C、Ac3=872°C、Ar3=708°C普通球化退火退火溫度780~810°C,以25°C/'h的冷卻速度隨爐緩慢降至≤650°C,出爐空冷。該工藝熱處理時(shí)間長(zhǎng)達(dá)20h以上,且退火后碳化物的顆粒不均勻,會(huì)影響后續(xù)的冷加工及最終的淬、回火組織和性能。等溫球化退火退火溫度780~810°C,快冷至690~720°C,進(jìn)行等溫,再出爐空冷。該工藝節(jié)省熱處理時(shí)間(整個(gè)工藝過(guò)程需時(shí)間12~18h),處理后的組織中碳化物細(xì)小均勻。重復(fù)球化退火第一次加熱到810°C后冷卻至650°C,再加熱到790°C后冷卻到≤650°C,出爐空冷。該工藝雖可節(jié)省一定的時(shí)間,但工藝操作過(guò)程比較繁瑣。淬、回火處理淬火溫度830~860°C,油冷,回火溫度170 ~190°C。冷處理溫度-50~ -78°C。 [2]
典型應(yīng)用舉例
播報(bào)編輯（1）可用作成形滾輪。（2）也可用于制作尺寸較大、形狀較復(fù)雜和精度較高的塑料模。新手上路成長(zhǎng)任務(wù)編輯入門(mén)編輯規(guī)則本人編輯我有疑問(wèn)內(nèi)容質(zhì)疑在線客服官方貼吧意見(jiàn)反饋投訴建議舉報(bào)不良信息未通過(guò)詞條申訴投訴侵權(quán)信息封禁查詢與解封?2025?Baidu?使用百度前必讀?|?百科協(xié)議?|?隱私政策?|?百度百科合作平臺(tái)?|?京ICP證030173號(hào)?京公網(wǎng)安備11000002000001號(hào)window.PAGE_DATA= 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(體積分?jǐn)?shù)為50%馬氏體),經(jīng)840°C油冷淬火后,350°C回火狀態(tài),再進(jìn)行光淬火,表面硬度高達(dá)1096HV,淬硬層深度可達(dá)1mm。針對(duì)成形滾輪熱處理工藝的不足,采用薄邊處預(yù)冷降溫發(fā)生非馬氏體轉(zhuǎn)變,產(chǎn)生托氏體或索氏體，增強(qiáng)韌性、減小應(yīng)力、再整體淬火達(dá)到工藝要求。進(jìn)行冰冷處理,可提高軸承的尺寸穩(wěn)定性,或進(jìn)行馬氏體分級(jí)淬火,以穩(wěn)定殘留奧氏體,獲得高的尺寸穩(wěn)定性和較高的韌性。該鋼一般不建議進(jìn)行鍛造。一般淬火和低溫回火后使用。 [1] 標(biāo)號(hào)/牌號(hào)：中國(guó)GB/JB標(biāo)號(hào): GCr15SiMn德國(guó)DIN鋼號(hào)標(biāo)號(hào): 100CrMn6德國(guó)DIN材料標(biāo)號(hào): 1．3520鍛造工藝軸承鋼鍛造溫度(1)始鍛溫度：1150(1120)終緞溫度：850(800)度。(2)鍛造前清除表面缺陷，盡量預(yù)熱后在快速加熱。(3)溫加工時(shí)，應(yīng)避免200~400度的藍(lán)脆區(qū)。熱加工時(shí)，應(yīng)避免進(jìn)入高溫脆區(qū)(大于1250)。應(yīng)盡量避免進(jìn)入熱脆區(qū)(800~~950度)。鍛后熱處理(1)鍛后————預(yù)先熱處理(球化退火)————最終熱處理(淬火+低溫回火)(2)球化退火目的：降低硬度，便于加工，為淬火做準(zhǔn)備。球化退火過(guò)程：加熱到750~~770度，保溫一定時(shí)間，在緩慢冷卻到600度以下空冷。(3)各種軸承鋼淬火+低溫回火及硬度表鋼號(hào) 淬火溫度及淬火介質(zhì) 低溫回火硬度HRCGCr15SiMn 800~840 油 150~170 62~64淬火及淬火介質(zhì)(1)淬火顏色(經(jīng)驗(yàn)) 白色最硬而脆，黃色硬而韌，蘭色軟而韌。(2) 淬火介質(zhì)A 水：一般溫度不超過(guò)40度，不得有油，肥皂等雜質(zhì)。B 鹽及堿的水溶液：水中加百分之5~10的鹽或堿。鹽溶液冷卻速度是水的十倍，硬度高而均勻，但組織應(yīng)力大，有一定的銹蝕作用。溫度小于60度。堿溶液(苛性納水溶液)腐蝕性大，適應(yīng)范圍小。C 油：包括機(jī)油，錠子油，變壓器油，柴油等?？蓽p小變形與開(kāi)裂。不適用碳鋼。油溫度：在60~~80度，最高不超過(guò)100~120度。回火溫度軸承鋼采用低溫回火。溫度：150~250度?？稍诒３指哂捕群透吣湍バ缘那疤嵯?，降低內(nèi)應(yīng)力和脆性，以免使用時(shí)崩裂或過(guò)早損壞。特性●特性及適用范圍：是在 GCr15鋼基礎(chǔ)上，適當(dāng)提高Si、Mn含量以改善其淬透性和彈性極限，耐磨性也比 GCr15好。制造滾動(dòng)體的適用尺寸范圍比 GCr15大，主要用于制造壁厚>12mm，外徑>280mm 的軸承套圈鋼球直徑>50mm；圓錐、圓柱和球面滾子直徑>22mm和所有尺寸的滾針。參考對(duì)應(yīng)牌號(hào)中國(guó)GB/YB標(biāo)準(zhǔn)牌號(hào)GCr15SiMn、德國(guó)DIN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)牌號(hào)100CrMn6、德國(guó)DIN標(biāo)準(zhǔn)材料編號(hào)1. 3520、俄羅斯ΓOCT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)牌號(hào)ⅢX15CΓ。 [2] 化學(xué)成分碳 C ：0.95～1.05硅 Si：0.40～0.65錳 Mn：0.90～1.20硫 S ：≤0.020磷 P ：≤0.027鉻 Cr：1.30～1.65鎳 Ni：≤0.30銅 Cu：≤0.25力學(xué)性能抗拉強(qiáng)度 σb (MPa)：1831沖擊功 Akv (J)：23硬度：65HRC試樣尺寸：某試樣●熱處理規(guī)范及金相組織：熱處理規(guī)范：830～840℃淬火，油冷;160℃回火3h。金相組織：回火馬氏體。gcr15simn表示方法① 鋼號(hào)開(kāi)頭的兩位數(shù)字表示鋼的碳含量，以平均碳含量的萬(wàn)分之幾表示，如40Cr、25Cr2MoVA合金管②鋼中主要合金元素，除個(gè)別微合金元素外，一般以百分之幾表示。當(dāng)平均合金含量<1.5%時(shí)，鋼號(hào)中一般只標(biāo)出元素符號(hào)，而不標(biāo)明含量，但在特殊情況下易致混淆者，在元素符號(hào)后亦可標(biāo)以數(shù)字"1"，例如鋼號(hào)"12CrMoV"和"12Cr1MoV"，前者鉻含量為0.4-0.6%，后者為0.9-1.2%，其余成分全部相同。當(dāng)合金元素平均含量≥1.5%、≥2.5%、≥3.5%……時(shí)，在元素符號(hào)后面應(yīng)標(biāo)明含量，可相應(yīng)表示為2、3、4……等。例如18Cr2Ni4WA。③鋼中的釩V、鈦Ti、鋁AL、硼B(yǎng)、稀土RE等合金元素，均屬微合金元素，雖然含量很低，仍應(yīng)在鋼號(hào)中標(biāo)出。例如20MnVB鋼中。釩為0.07-0.12%，硼為0.001-0.005%。④高級(jí)優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼應(yīng)在鋼號(hào)最后加"A"，以區(qū)別于一般優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼。⑤專門(mén)用途的合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼，鋼號(hào)冠以（或后綴）代表該鋼種用途的符號(hào)。例如鉚螺專用的30CrMnSi鋼，鋼號(hào)表示為ML30CrMnSi。熱處理規(guī)范臨界點(diǎn)溫度Ac1=770°C、Ac3=872°C、Ar3=708°C普通球化退火退火溫度780~810°C,以25°C/'h的冷卻速度隨爐緩慢降至≤650°C,出爐空冷。該工藝熱處理時(shí)間長(zhǎng)達(dá)20h

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