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.block-content-new-icon{height:7px;left:52px;position:absolute;top:3px}網(wǎng)頁(yè)新聞貼吧知道網(wǎng)盤圖片視頻地圖文庫(kù)資訊采購(gòu)百科百度首頁(yè)登錄注冊(cè)進(jìn)入詞條全站搜索幫助首頁(yè)秒懂百科特色百科知識(shí)專題加入百科百科團(tuán)隊(duì)權(quán)威合作個(gè)人中心收藏查看我的收藏0有用+1065Mn彈簧鋼播報(bào)討論上傳視頻彈簧鋼同義詞65Mn彈簧鋼板（彈簧鋼）一般指65Mn彈簧鋼65Mn彈簧鋼，錳提高淬透性，φ12mm的鋼材油中可以淬透，表面脫碳傾向比硅鋼小，經(jīng)熱處理后的綜合力學(xué)性能優(yōu)于碳鋼，但有過(guò)熱敏感性和回火脆性。用作小尺寸各種扁、圓彈簧、座墊彈簧、彈簧發(fā)條，也可制作彈簧環(huán)、氣門簧、離合器簧片、剎車彈簧及冷拔鋼絲冷卷螺旋彈簧等。中文名65Mn彈簧鋼外文名65Mn別 名65錳執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T 1222-2007屈服強(qiáng)度520~690(MPa)軋 材Φ16～160mm目錄1產(chǎn)品介紹2化學(xué)成分3力學(xué)性能4熱處理5焊接性能6型號(hào)7冷拔退火8典型實(shí)例9酸洗工藝產(chǎn)品介紹播報(bào)編輯執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：GB/T 1222-2007●特性及適用范圍：圖片(6張)65mn 強(qiáng)度.硬度.彈性和淬透性均比65號(hào)鋼高，具有過(guò)熱敏感性和回火脆性傾向，水淬有形成裂紋傾向。退火態(tài)可切削性尚可，冷變形塑性低，焊接性差。 受中等載荷的板彈簧，直徑達(dá)7-20mm的螺旋彈簧及彈簧墊圈.彈簧環(huán)。高耐磨性零件，如磨床主軸.彈簧卡頭.精密機(jī)床絲桿.切刀.螺旋輥?zhàn)虞S承上的套環(huán).鐵道鋼軌等化學(xué)成分播報(bào)編輯●化學(xué)成份：鋼帶碳 C ：0.62～0.70硅 Si：0.17～0.37錳 Mn：0.90～1.20硫 S ：≤0.035磷 P ：≤0.035鉻 Cr：≤0.25鎳 Ni：≤0.30銅 Cu：≤0.25力學(xué)性能播報(bào)編輯●力學(xué)性能：抗拉強(qiáng)度σb (MPa)：825~925伸長(zhǎng)率 δ10 (%)：14~22.5斷面收縮率 ψ (%)：不大于10硬度：熱軋,≤302HB;熱軋+熱處理,≤321HB熱處理播報(bào)編輯●熱處理規(guī)范及金相組織：熱處理規(guī)范：淬火830℃±20℃,油冷; 回火540℃±50℃(特殊需要時(shí),±30℃)。金相組織：屈氏體?！衽R界點(diǎn)溫度（近似值）Ac1=726℃，Ac3=765℃，Ar3=741℃，Ar1=689℃，Ms=270℃?！裾鹨?guī)范:溫度810±10℃，空氣冷卻。 [1]●交貨狀態(tài)：熱軋鋼材以熱處理或不熱處理狀態(tài)交貨，冷拉鋼材以熱處理狀態(tài)交貨?！窆┴浺?guī)格：盤圓：Φ5.5～16mm鍛材：Φ160～450mm65Mn密度65Mn密度 ρ=7.85克/立方厘米，該鋼可以冷軋成鋼板、鋼帶和鋼絲，制作彈簧。65Mn也可以制作成如鉗工的鑿子、劃針等工具。65Mn鋼可制作一般截面尺寸為8～15mm左右的小型彈簧如各種小尺寸扁、圓彈簧，底墊彈簧、彈簧發(fā)條。760℃×30min保溫，再以20℃/h的冷速冷至700℃×6h再爐冷，得到完全的球化組織，尺寸均勻。焊接性能播報(bào)編輯氬弧焊對(duì)焊工藝為了減小電極的消耗，選擇直流正接進(jìn)行線材的對(duì)焊試驗(yàn)，即選用直流電源，線材接電源的正極，鎢極接電源的負(fù)極。含1%或2%氧化釷的鎢極發(fā)射電子效率高，電流承載能力好，且抗污染性能好，引弧容易并且電弧比較穩(wěn)定。為了便于操作，選擇直徑為2 mm的較細(xì)的釷鎢極，并且電極前端磨尖。由于氬氣較低的電弧電壓特性對(duì)于薄板和線材的手弧焊特別有益，因此選擇氬氣做保護(hù)氣體。試驗(yàn)選用直流手工氬弧焊機(jī)，焊接前，將鋼絲兩端頭仔細(xì)磨平，為防止焊點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生氣孔，用丙酮將端頭油污清洗干凈。將兩端磨平的線材放在平整潔凈的對(duì)正板上（圖1），使兩端頭對(duì)正，接頭處不留間隙，用壓鐵壓住接頭兩側(cè)。將線材接焊機(jī)正極，鎢極接負(fù)極，分別將電流調(diào)至20 A，15 A，10 A，8 A進(jìn)行焊接。焊接時(shí)，在接頭旁邊引燃點(diǎn)弧并使之燃燒穩(wěn)定，將電弧移至接頭處使接頭金屬熔化后迅速將電弧熄滅，同時(shí)輕微施加頂鍛力，冷卻后即完成焊接過(guò)程，焊接過(guò)程中不使用填充焊絲。試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)焊接電流為20 A時(shí)，電弧燃燒劇烈，接頭處金屬飛濺嚴(yán)重，焊點(diǎn)塌陷嚴(yán)重。當(dāng)電流調(diào)至15 A時(shí)，電弧燃燒較平穩(wěn)，熔池飛濺少，但焊縫仍有塌陷。但電流降至10 A時(shí)，引弧容易，電弧燃燒穩(wěn)定，焊縫處沒(méi)有塌陷現(xiàn)象。圖2為焊接電流10 A時(shí)，用數(shù)碼相機(jī)在Leica MZ6型體視顯微鏡下拍下的焊接接頭形狀。可以看出，接頭的圓柱度較好，將其打磨后能滿足線鋸的要求。當(dāng)電流調(diào)至8 A以下時(shí)，引弧困難且電弧不穩(wěn)定，難以完成焊接過(guò)程。焊接接頭試驗(yàn)由于65Mn鋼具有過(guò)熱傾向，因此焊接熱影響區(qū)對(duì)接頭的力學(xué)性能影響很大。直徑0.7 mm的65Mn鋼絲經(jīng)氬弧焊對(duì)焊后接頭處非常硬脆，輕輕折彎焊點(diǎn)處，就會(huì)在熔合線或焊縫處脆斷，斷口呈明顯的脆性斷裂形貌。所得接頭由焊縫和熱影響區(qū)組成，沿接頭軸線測(cè)試從焊縫中心至母材各個(gè)區(qū)域的顯微硬度。測(cè)量結(jié)果表明，從母材到熱影響區(qū)及焊縫中部，顯微硬度急劇增加，焊縫中部硬度達(dá)HV 1 060，這說(shuō)明熱影響區(qū)及焊縫中部生成了硬脆組織。對(duì)于這種具有硬脆組織的接頭，為了提高其韌性和塑性，降低其硬度，獲得硬度、強(qiáng)度、塑性和韌性的適當(dāng)配合，必須對(duì)焊接接頭進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)幕鼗鹛幚?。熱處理后，?yīng)將熱影響區(qū)的脆性消除，同時(shí)應(yīng)能使母材保持一定的強(qiáng)度和彈性?；鼗鹪谙涫诫娮锠t內(nèi)進(jìn)行，回火工藝見表1。將回火后的鋼絲焊接接頭處仔細(xì)打磨，使其直徑與母材直徑大致相等，再在WE-50拉伸試驗(yàn)機(jī)上進(jìn)行拉伸試驗(yàn)。每種回火處理的試樣取三根，取其拉力的平均值。由試驗(yàn)可以看出，330℃以上熱處理后，母材彈性基本消失，且斷裂均發(fā)生在母材處，而不發(fā)生在焊點(diǎn)及其熱影響區(qū)，這說(shuō)明熱處理后雖然熱影響區(qū)的脆性完全消失，但母材的強(qiáng)度被大大削落（經(jīng)試驗(yàn)，所用母材的抗拉強(qiáng)度為1 663 MPa）。260℃保溫10 min時(shí)，雖然材料彈性基本不變，但熱影響區(qū)的脆性不能消除。當(dāng)加熱溫度為280℃，保溫10 min時(shí)效果最好，熱影響區(qū)的抗拉強(qiáng)度只比母材降低20%左右，而母材的彈性消失較小。將280℃回火處理的焊頭沿軸線方向測(cè)試縱剖面上各個(gè)區(qū)的顯微硬度，發(fā)現(xiàn)焊縫處的最高硬度值降低到HV 500左右，比未處理時(shí)的硬度降低大約1倍。 焊好的環(huán)形鋼絲不但應(yīng)能滿足一定的強(qiáng)度和彈性要求，而且具有一定的疲勞強(qiáng)度.型號(hào)播報(bào)編輯材質(zhì) 規(guī)格（厚*寬*長(zhǎng)） 產(chǎn)地 單件重量（噸） 備注65MN 2.75*1010/1250*C 萊鋼 16/2065MN 2.80*1010/1250*C 萊鋼 16/2065MN 3.00*1010/1250*C 萊鋼 16/2065MN 3.25*1010/1250*C 萊鋼 16/2065MN 3.50*1010/1250*C 萊鋼 16/2065MN 3.75*1010/1250*C 萊鋼 16/20.......65MN 14.00*1010/1250*C 萊鋼 16/20冷拔退火播報(bào)編輯傳統(tǒng)周期性球化退火工藝，退火溫度750℃，保溫2h，爐冷到溫度（680±10）℃，保溫3h,再爐冷到550℃以后，出爐空冷。生產(chǎn)效率低，氧化脫碳率達(dá)22%-40%，表面硬度及彈性達(dá)不到要求。不完全退火新工藝，退火溫度（740±10）℃，保溫4h,爐冷到550℃以后，出爐空冷?？估瓘?qiáng)度600-620Mpa、伸長(zhǎng)率53.5%-40%，硬度209-214HBW金相組織為球化珠光體+少量點(diǎn)狀珠光體，縮短了生產(chǎn)周期，節(jié)省能源。傳統(tǒng)退火工藝，退火溫度730℃，保溫13h,再爐冷到650℃以后，出爐空冷。退火新工藝：退火溫度（860±10）℃，保溫45-60min，爐冷到（750±10）℃，保溫3-3.5h,在爐冷至650-660℃以后，出爐堆冷或入保溫坑緩冷。金相組織符合要求：珠光體組織2.5-6級(jí)，以4級(jí)左右為佳，該工藝提高效率80%-100%。典型實(shí)例播報(bào)編輯1、可用于普通磨具彈簧鋼2、冷沖模具凸模3、可用于塑膠模、壓鑄模的整體淬火頂桿用鋼。酸洗工藝播報(bào)編輯65Mn低合金圓鋼的酸洗處理廣泛地應(yīng)用于冷軋板材坯料即熱軋板材的表面氧化鐵皮的去除，如熱軋65Mn低合金圓鋼需進(jìn)行磷化或鍍層等表面處理加工前去除氧化鐵皮；焊接管材在鍍鋅或進(jìn)行其它熱浸鍍、電鍍加工前的表面預(yù)處理；退火處理后的鋼材如管材、65Mn低合金圓鋼、線材等冷拔加工前的表面處理；鋼鐵加工件進(jìn)行電鍍、電刷鍍前的除銹處理以及不銹鋼和特殊鋼生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的類似處理。當(dāng)前酸洗仍是65Mn低合金圓鋼生產(chǎn)和鋼鐵表面處理時(shí)不可或缺的工藝過(guò)程。但是，65Mn低合金圓鋼酸洗處理工藝的采用也帶來(lái)如下的一些問(wèn)題：【1】大量消耗65Mn低合金圓鋼材料和酸 在酸洗的過(guò)程中，有的主要通過(guò)酸與鐵皮的化學(xué)反應(yīng)，溶解相應(yīng)的65Mn低合金圓鋼氧化物的溶解作用來(lái)除去鐵皮。有的，如使用硫酸進(jìn)行65Mn低合金圓鋼酸洗時(shí)，還要借助于酸與65Mn低合金圓鋼發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的氫氣泡的剝離作用來(lái)除去氧化鐵皮。因此在酸洗過(guò)程中，大量消耗酸是必然的。雖然在酸洗中使用酸洗緩蝕劑可以降低65Mn低合金圓鋼的金屬消耗，但是仍有相當(dāng)量的金屬鐵損失掉?！?】可能降低65Mn低合金圓鋼的物理性能 在酸洗過(guò)程中，65Mn低合金圓鋼和酸之間發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)并產(chǎn)生氫氣。由于酸洗液中的氫的化學(xué)位高于被酸洗的65Mn低合金圓鋼中氫的化學(xué)位，生成的氫會(huì)滲入鋼中并積存起來(lái)造成 氫脆，從而影響65Mn低合金圓鋼的機(jī)械性能或以后的加工處理。【3】會(huì)帶來(lái)一系列的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題 采用酸洗工藝對(duì)65Mn低合金圓鋼或零件進(jìn)行表面處理，由于65Mn低合金圓鋼的品種、產(chǎn)品的規(guī)格和生產(chǎn)的規(guī)模各不相同，從而造成了在生產(chǎn)裝備和生產(chǎn)環(huán)境方面有著很大差別。如酸洗槽體的密封、對(duì)生產(chǎn)設(shè)備的腐蝕、酸洗車間的通風(fēng)排風(fēng)、酸霧的排出和處理以及污水的處理和排放等方面，處理方法和處理水平相差懸殊。從而會(huì)帶來(lái)許多環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的問(wèn)題，而需要一一加以處理和解決。【4】廢酸和鐵鹽的處理問(wèn)題 65Mn低合金圓鋼的酸洗在消耗大量金屬鐵的同時(shí)還產(chǎn)生大量的廢酸液與相應(yīng)的酸和氧化鐵或生成的鐵鹽溶液。為了回收和利用這些廢酸液和鐵鹽，需要較大的投資來(lái)建設(shè)相應(yīng)的回收和處理設(shè)備。特別是對(duì)于一些小型的、小批量的65Mn低合金圓鋼進(jìn)行酸洗處理時(shí)，往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)酸洗廢液難以集中進(jìn)行處理的情況，一旦發(fā)生直接排放的情況，就會(huì)對(duì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重污染。新手上路成長(zhǎng)任務(wù)編輯入門編輯規(guī)則本人編輯我有疑問(wèn)內(nèi)容質(zhì)疑在線客服官方貼吧意見反饋投訴建議舉報(bào)不良信息未通過(guò)詞條申訴投訴侵權(quán)信息封禁查詢與解封?2025?Baidu?使用百度前必讀?|?百科協(xié)議?|?隱私政策?|?百度百科合作平臺(tái)?|?京ICP證030173號(hào)?京公網(wǎng)安備11000002000001號(hào)window.PAGE_DATA= 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